Aztec Calendar

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The Aztec calendar was the timetable for the Aztec people pre-Columbian Mexico. He is one of the Mesoamerican calendars; share the basic structure of the entire calendar of ancient Meso-America. The calendar is used as a sculpture on the Aztec calendar stone is currently at the National Museum of Anthropology and History in Chapultepec Park, Mexico City.

The calendar consists of a cycle of 365 calendar days and a cycle of 260 days ritual. These two together from the age of 52 "century", sometimes referred to as "Calendar Round ". The calendar year began with the first occurrence of Pléiades asterism in the east of the country just before the dawn light.

Each month, his name, and the days of the month were numbered one to twenty. The date of the last month, Nemontemi were numbered from one to five. The on the field, the foundation stone for the year of creation, in this case 1479th

The solar calendar of 365 days was inseparable from the Sacred Round or almanac sacred. Priests with this ritual calendar of 260 days referred Tonalpohualli mainly for the purpose of prophecy. The procedure for the appointment of the day consisted of a combination of twenty images sign with the numbers one to three ten. Every day the signs are also a combination with one of the four cardinal directions. The 20 characters are on schedule for the figure on the right. You are in a circle, the face.

First Ring - Center. Four Olin represent of the earthquake Epoch or Sun. The four eras represented in the position of the parties to this symbol correspond to the four previous times as suns.

Second Ring - The second ring of the center consists of 20 days in a month, also for the designation of years. Each year begins with one of the four of these 20 days.

- Coatl = Snake
- Cuetzpallin = Lizard
- Calli = House
- Ehecatl = Wind
- Cipactli = Crocodile
- Xochitl = Flower
- Quiahuitl = Rain
- Tecpatl = Flint
- Ollin = Movement
- Cozcacuauhtli = Vulture
- Cuauhtle = Eagle
- Ocelotl = Jaguar
- Acatl = Cane
- Malinalli = Herb
- Ozomatli = Monkey
- Itzquintli = Hairless Dog
- Atl = Water
- Tochtli = Rabbit
- Mazatl = Deer
- Miquiztli Skull

Third Ring - the rays of the sun - Chalchihuite Ornaments - Symbols With Blood.

Outer Ring - Dedication Plate - herbs with buds - White Scrolls - Sign Flame - Xiucoatl's Tail.

The timetable Aztec Two different aspects of time tonalpohualli and xiuhpohualli. Each of these systems has a different purpose.

The tonalpohualli was counting the days ". The Aztecs as a religious calendar peoples. Priest for determining the calendar of the chance for activities such as the sowing of crops, build houses and go to war.
The xiuhpohualli is count the year. "The calendar was first to 365 days with solar cells. That was also the agricultural sector and the civil ceremony, the Aztecs. It was in 18 periods of 20 days referred veintenas. He stayed five days, which are not represented. These were called "nemontemi." Those are the five days of the transition between the old and the New Year and have been nothing days.

Which is also when the priest to reach victims, most of these people were victims, others were made from animals and fruit. Many of the Aztecs "the religious, including many human victims were in the Great Temple is located in the center of the capital Tenochtitlan.

Pictures taken from: http://www.crystalinks.com/aztecalendar.html